Here are the NCERT-style questions and answers based on the chapter "Crop Production and Management":
Questions
1. What are the two main types of crops grown in India? Give examples.
2. Why is preparation of soil important? Mention the methods used for it.
3. Differentiate between manure and fertilizers.
4. What is irrigation? List two modern irrigation methods.
5. Why is weeding necessary? Name two methods of weed control.
6. What is crop rotation, and why is it important in agriculture?
7. Explain the term 'harvesting.' What are the two methods of harvesting?
8. Name any two modern techniques of agriculture and explain their benefits.
9. What measures should be taken for proper storage of harvested crops?
10. Why is sustainable agriculture important? Mention two sustainable practices.
Answers
1. What are the two main types of crops grown in India? Give examples.
- The two main types of crops are:\n
- Kharif Crops: Grown in the rainy season (June-September). Examples: Rice, maize, cotton.
- Rabi Crops: Grown in the winter season (October-March). Examples: Wheat, gram, mustard.
2. Why is preparation of soil important? Mention the methods used for it.
- Preparation of soil is essential to:\n
- Loosen the soil for better root penetration.
- Improve soil aeration and nutrient mixing.
- Remove weeds and large soil clumps.\n
Methods include:\n - Tilling or Ploughing
- Leveling
- Adding manure and fertilizers
3. Differentiate between manure and fertilizers.
- Manure: Organic substances made from decomposed plants and animal waste. It improves soil texture.
- Fertilizers: Chemically synthesized nutrients like urea, NPK, which directly supply specific nutrients to plants.
4. What is irrigation? List two modern irrigation methods.
- Irrigation is the process of supplying water to crops at regular intervals.
Modern methods include:\n- Sprinkler Irrigation: Mimics rainfall and distributes water uniformly.
- Drip Irrigation: Supplies water drop by drop near the roots, saving water.
5. Why is weeding necessary? Name two methods of weed control.
- Weeding is necessary as weeds compete with crops for nutrients, water, and sunlight, reducing yield.
Methods of weed control:\n- Manual Weeding using tools like a trowel.
- Chemical Weedicides like 2,4-D.
6. What is crop rotation, and why is it important in agriculture?
- Crop rotation is the practice of growing different types of crops in a sequence on the same land.
Importance:\n- Maintains soil fertility.
- Prevents the build-up of pests and diseases.
7. Explain the term 'harvesting.' What are the two methods of harvesting?
- Harvesting is the process of cutting and collecting mature crops.
Methods:\n- Manual Harvesting: Using tools like sickles.
- Mechanical Harvesting: Using machines like combine harvesters.
8. Name any two modern techniques of agriculture and explain their benefits.
- Hybrid Seeds: Yield high-quality, disease-resistant crops.
- Precision Farming: Uses GPS and sensors for efficient field monitoring, reducing waste and increasing productivity.
9. What measures should be taken for proper storage of harvested crops?
- Store in dry and airtight granaries or silos.
- Protect crops from moisture, pests, and rodents.
- Use chemical treatments or fumigation to prevent pest infestation.
10. Why is sustainable agriculture important? Mention two sustainable practices.
- Sustainable agriculture ensures resource conservation and long-term productivity.
Practices include:\n- Crop Rotation to maintain soil nutrients.
- Organic Farming to minimize environmental pollution.
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